The emerging role of CARM1 in cancer.

Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), pivotal for catalyzing arginine methylation of histone and non-histone proteins, plays a crucial role in developing various cancers. CARM1 was initially recognized as a transcriptional coregulator by orchestrating chromatin remodeling, transcription regulation, mRNA splicing and stability. This diverse functionality contributes to the recruitment of transcription factors that foster malignancies. Going beyond its established involvement in transcriptional control, CARM1-mediated methylation influences a spectrum of biological processes, including the cell cycle, metabolism, autophagy, redox homeostasis, and inflammation. By manipulating these physiological functions, CARM1 becomes essential in critical processes such as tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Consequently, it emerges as a viable target for therapeutic intervention and a possible biomarker for medication response in specific cancer types. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the various physiological functions of CARM1 in the context of cancer. Furthermore, we discuss potential CARM1-targeting pharmaceutical interventions for cancer therapy.

[Study on changes of Styrax varieties].

Styrax is a commonly used imported traditional Chinese medicinal material in China. It was introduced to China in the Han Dynasty and was first described as a traditional Chinese medicine in Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians(Ming Yi Bie Lu). In this paper, by combing ancient and modern Chinese and foreign herbal medicine books and modern literature, combined with the results of field investigations on the origin of Styrax, the changes of Styrax involving the name, quality evaluation, origin, place of origin, and harvesting and processing were systematically verified. The results show that since ancient times, the origin and place of origin of Styrax have been unclear. The medical scientists of all dynasties in China have evaluated the quality of Styrax from four aspects: texture, viscosity, odor concentration, and color. The varieties of Styrax changed twice. The first change may have occurred during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the base changed from Styrax officinalis to Liquidambar orientalis. The second change was in modern times, and the base changed from L. orientalis to L. styraciflua. At the same time, the place of origin changed for the first time, from Turkey, Syria, and other countries in southern Asia Minor to Honduras, Guatemala, and other countries in Central America and southern North America. This paper studied the historical evolution of Styrax in terms of quality evaluation, origin, place of origin, character, and harvesting and processing. At the same time, it summarized the application of Styrax in the western countries, which can provide a historical basis for the further development and utilization of Styrax.

Optimization of EWOC principle in BLRM design for phase 1 oncology trials.

Bayesian logistic regression model (BLRM) is widely used to guide dose escalation decisions in phase 1 oncology trials. An important feature of BLRM design is the appealing safety performance due to its escalation with overdose control (EWOC). However, some recent literature indicates that BLRM with EWOC may have a relatively low probability to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) compared to some other dose escalation designs. This work discusses this design problem and proposes a practical solution to improve the performance of BLRM design. Specifically, we suggest increasing the EWOC cutoff from routine value 0.25 to a value between 0.3 and 0.4, which will increase the chance of finding the correct MTD with minimal compromise to overdosing risk. Our comparative simulation studies indicate that BLRM with an increased EWOC cutoff has comparable operating characteristics on the correct MTD selection and over-toxicity control as other dose escalation designs (BOIN, mTPI, keyboard, etc.). Moreover, we compare the methodology and operating characteristics of BLRM designs with various decision rules that allow more flexible overdosing control. A case study of dose escalation in a recent phase 1 oncology trial is provided to show how BLRM with optimal EWOC cutoff operates well in practice.

Touchless Thermosensation Enabled by Flexible Infrared Photothermoelectric Detector for Temperature Prewarning Function of Electronic Skin.

Artificial skin, endowed with the capability to perceive thermal stimuli without physical contact, will bring innovative interactive experiences into smart robotics and augmented reality. The implementation of touchless thermosensation, responding to both hot and cold stimuli, relies on the construction of a flexible infrared detector operating in the long-wavelength infrared range to capture the spontaneous thermal radiation. This imposes rigorous requirements on the photodetection performance and mechanical flexibility of the detector. Herein, a flexible and wearable infrared detector is presented, on basis of the photothermoelectric coupling of the tellurium-based thermoelectric multilayer film and the infrared-absorbing polyimide substrate. By suppressing the optical reflection loss and aligning the destructive interference position with the absorption peak of polyimide, the fabricated thermopile detector exhibits high sensitivity to the thermal radiation over a broad source temperature range from -50 to 110 °C, even capable of resolving 0.05 °C temperature change. Spatially resolved radiation distribution sensing is also achieved by constructing an integrated thermopile array. Furthermore, an established temperature prewarning system is demonstrated for soft robotic gripper, enabling the identification of noxious thermal stimuli in a contactless manner. A feasible strategy is offered here to integrate the infrared detection technique into the sensory modality of electronic skin.

Nanotechnology's frontier in combatting infectious and inflammatory diseases: prevention and treatment.

Inflammation-associated diseases encompass a range of infectious diseases and non-infectious inflammatory diseases, which continuously pose one of the most serious threats to human health, attributed to factors such as the emergence of new pathogens, increasing drug resistance, changes in living environments and lifestyles, and the aging population. Despite rapid advancements in mechanistic research and drug development for these diseases, current treatments often have limited efficacy and notable side effects, necessitating the development of more effective and targeted anti-inflammatory therapies. In recent years, the rapid development of nanotechnology has provided crucial technological support for the prevention, treatment, and detection of inflammation-associated diseases. Various types of nanoparticles (NPs) play significant roles, serving as vaccine vehicles to enhance immunogenicity and as drug carriers to improve targeting and bioavailability. NPs can also directly combat pathogens and inflammation. In addition, nanotechnology has facilitated the development of biosensors for pathogen detection and imaging techniques for inflammatory diseases. This review categorizes and characterizes different types of NPs, summarizes their applications in the prevention, treatment, and detection of infectious and inflammatory diseases. It also discusses the challenges associated with clinical translation in this field and explores the latest developments and prospects. In conclusion, nanotechnology opens up new possibilities for the comprehensive management of infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Watching videos of a drawing hand improves students' understanding of the normal probability distribution.

Understanding normal probability distributions is a crucial objective in mathematics and statistics education. Drawing upon cognitive psychology research, this study explores the use of drawings and visualizations as effective scaffolds to enhance students' comprehension. Although much research has documented the helpfulness of drawing as a research tool to reveal students' knowledge states, its direct utility in advancing higher-order cognitive processes remains understudied. In Study 1, qualitative methods were utilized to identify common misunderstandings among students regarding canonical depictions of the normal probability distribution. Building on these insights, Study 2 experimentally compared three instructional videos (static slides, dynamic drawing, and dynamic drawings done by a visible hand). The hand drawing video led to better learning than the other versions. Study 3 examined whether the benefits from observing a hand drawing could be reproduced by a dynamic cursor moving around otherwise static slides (without the presence of a hand). Results showed no significant learning difference between observing a hand drawing and a moving cursor, both outperforming a control. This research links the cognitive process of drawing with its educational role and provides insights into its potential to enhance memory, cognition, and inform instructional methods.

Children develop adult-like visual sensitivity to image memorability by the age of 4.

Adults have been shown to consistently remember and forget certain images despite large individual differences, suggesting a population-wide sensitivity to an image's intrinsic memorability-a measure of how successfully an image is remembered. While a decade of research has focused on image memorability among adults, the developmental trajectory of these consistencies in memory is understudied. Here, we investigate by what age children gain adult-like sensitivity to the image memorability effect. We utilized data from Saragosa-Harris et al. (2021), where 137 children aged between 3 and 5 years old encoded animal-scene image pairs and then after a 5-min, 24-hr, or 1-week delay performed a cued recognition task for each scene target given its animal cue. We tested adults' memory of the same scene images using ResMem (Needell & Bainbridge, 2022), a pretrained deep neural network that predicts adult image memorability scores, and using an online behavioral continuous recognition task (N = 116). Results showed that ResMem predictions, as a proxy of adults' memory, predicted scene memory of children by the age of 4 and were the most predictive of children's memory across ages after a long, 1-week delay. Children at age 3 show nonadult-like consistent memory patterns, implying that the nonadult-like memory patterns were not due to poor memory performance. Instead, 3-year-olds may have consistently used certain visual memory strategies that become less optimal as they age. Our results suggest that adult-like sensitivity to image memorability emerges by the age of 4 through experience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Upper lip characteristics and associated excessive gingival display etiologies in adults: Race and sex differences.

BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine upper lip (UL) and smile characteristics and soft tissue excessive gingival display (EGD) etiologies (hypermobile upper lip [HUL], altered passive eruption [APE], and short upper lip [SUL]) in a nondental adult population and to analyze interracial (Black and White) and intersex differences. METHODS: Community participants, non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), were recruited and examined for UL vertical dimensions at rest and maximum smile and for HUL, APE, and SUL. Associations between gingival display (GD) or EGD and UL anatomical characteristics, HUL, APE, and SUL were analyzed. RESULTS: Participants included 66 NHB and 65 NHW adults. Ergotrid height (greater among NHW; p = 0.019) averaged 14.0 mm. Upper lip vermilion length (ULVL), total UL length, internal lip length, total UL length during smile, and UL mobility averaged 8.6, 22.5, 23.1, 16.6, and 5.9 mm, respectively (all significantly greater in NHB; p ≤ 0.012). SUL prevalence was 4.6%, found only among NHW. Lip length change from rest to smile (LLC) averaged 26.2% (significantly greater in females; p = 0.003). HUL prevalence was 10.7% (NHB 13.1%, NHW 3.5%; p = 0.024). NHB had significantly greater GD (p ≤ 0.017). EGD and APE prevalence (6.9% for both) showed significant interracial and intersex differences (p ≤ 0.014). Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that LLC and HUL were the most consistently significant EGD determinants. CONCLUSIONS: UL anatomical and functional characteristics and soft tissue-related EGD etiologies exhibit significant interracial and intersex differences, with UL mobility/hypermobility being the most consistently significant determinant of GD.

Multidimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Diastasis Recti Abdominis During Different Gestational Periods.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to explore the application value of two-dimensional ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) in the multidimensional evaluation of diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) during different gestational periods. METHODS: A cohort of 202 gravidas that were examined in our hospital between June 2021 and September 2022 were selected for the purpose of the study, which included 26 cases with <14 weeks of pregnancy, 36 cases in the 14th-27th week of pregnancy, 36 cases in the 28th-34th week of pregnancy, 32 cases in the 35th-38th week of pregnancy, 45 cases at 42 days postpartum, and 27 cases at 3 months postpartum. The inter-rectus distance (IRD) and the thickness in each gestational period were measured, and Young's modulus of the rectus abdominis at different gestational periods was measured using SWE by two sonographers. The differences in IRD, thickness, and elasticity characteristics during different periods, and the correlation between rectus abdominis elasticity and IRD, thickness, body mass index (BMI), neonatal weight, and delivery mode were analyzed and compared. The consistency of SWE parameters obtained by different sonographers was also compared. RESULTS: There were significant differences in IRD, thickness, and Young's modulus during different gestational periods (P = .000, P < .001, P < .001). Early postpartum IRD and Young's modulus did not restore to the level of early pregnancy (P < .001, P < .001), while the thickness of rectus abdominis was not significantly different from that of early pregnancy (P = .211). The Young's modulus of rectus abdominis was negatively correlated with the IRD (r = .515), positively correlated with the thickness of rectus abdominis (r = .408), and weakly negatively correlated with maternal BMI (r = -.296). There was no significant correlation with neonatal weight or delivery mode (P = .147, .648). The Bland-Altman plot showed that the two sonographers had good consistency in evaluating the elasticity of rectus abdominis by SWE. CONCLUSION: The multidimensional evaluation of DRA by ultrasound is feasible and IRD and Young's modulus can be used to evaluate the postpartum recovery of DRA. The combination of the two can objectively reflect the severity of DRA morphology and function.

Revolutionizing cancer immunotherapy: unleashing the potential of bispecific antibodies for targeted treatment.

Recent progressions in immunotherapy have transformed cancer treatment, providing a promising strategy that activates the immune system of the patient to find and eliminate cancerous cells. Bispecific antibodies, which engage two separate antigens or one antigen with two distinct epitopes, are of tremendous concern in immunotherapy. The bi-targeting idea enabled by bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) is especially attractive from a medical standpoint since most diseases are complex, involving several receptors, ligands, and signaling pathways. Several research look into the processes in which BsAbs identify different cancer targets such angiogenesis, reproduction, metastasis, and immune regulation. By rerouting cells or altering other pathways, the bispecific proteins perform effector activities in addition to those of natural antibodies. This opens up a wide range of clinical applications and helps patients with resistant tumors respond better to medication. Yet, further study is necessary to identify the best conditions where to use these medications for treating tumor, their appropriate combination partners, and methods to reduce toxicity. In this review, we provide insights into the BsAb format classification based on their composition and symmetry, as well as the delivery mode, focus on the action mechanism of the molecule, and discuss the challenges and future perspectives in BsAb development.

A novel prognostic classification integrating lipid metabolism and immune co-related genes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: As a severe hematological malignancy in adults, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by high heterogeneity and complexity. Emerging evidence highlights the importance of the tumor immune microenvironment and lipid metabolism in cancer progression. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the expression profiles of genes related to lipid metabolism and immune modifications to develop a prognostic risk signature for AML. Methods: First, we extracted the mRNA expression profiles of bone marrow samples from an AML cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and employed Cox regression analysis to select prognostic hub genes associated with lipid metabolism and immunity. We then constructed a prognostic signature with hub genes significantly related to survival and validated the stability and robustness of the prognostic signature using three external datasets. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was implemented to explore the underlying biological pathways related to the risk signature. Finally, the correlation between signature, immunity, and drug sensitivity was explored. Results: Eight genes were identified from the analysis and verified in the clinical samples, including APOBEC3C, MSMO1, ATP13A2, SMPDL3B, PLA2G4A, TNFSF15, IL2RA, and HGF, to develop a risk-scoring model that effectively stratified patients with AML into low- and high-risk groups, demonstrating significant differences in survival time. The risk signature was negatively related to immune cell infiltration. Samples with AML in the low-risk group, as defined by the risk signature, were more likely to be responsive to immunotherapy, whereas those at high risk responded better to specific targeted drugs. Conclusions: This study reveals the significant role of lipid metabolism- and immune-related genes in prognosis and demonstrated the utility of these signature genes as reliable bioinformatic indicators for predicting survival in patients with AML. The risk-scoring model based on these prognostic signature genes holds promise as a valuable tool for individualized treatment decision-making, providing valuable insights for improving patient prognosis and treatment outcomes in AML.

Enhanced chemoimmunotherapy of breast cancer in mice by apolipoprotein A1-modified doxorubicin liposomes combined with interleukin-21.

Backgroud: Breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprising approximately 15-20% of all cases, possessing high invasiveness, drug resistance and poor prognosis. Chemotherapy, the main treatment for TNBC, is limited by toxicity and drug resistance. Apolipoprotein A1 modified doxorubicin liposome (ApoA1-lip/Dox) was constructed in our previous study, with promising anti-tumour effect and improved safety been proved. However, during long-term administration, the problem of cumulative toxicity and insufficient tumour inhibition is still inevitable. Interleukin-21 is a small molecule protein secreted by T cells with various immune regulatory functions. IL-21 has significantly curative effects in numerous solid tumours, but it has the disadvantages of low response rate and short half-life. The combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy has received increasing attention.Purpose: In this study, ApoA1 drug loading system and long-acting IL-21 are innovatively combined for tumour treatment.Methods: We combined ApoA1-lip/Dox and IL-21 for treatment and evaluated their impact on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD8+ T and NK cell cytotoxicity.Results: Combined administration significantly improved the tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and enhanced the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T and NK cells. The combination of ApoA1-lip/Dox and IL-21 exhibits significantly enhanced anti-tumour efficacy with lower toxicity of ApoA1-lip/Dox, providing a new strategy for TNBC treatment with enhanced anti-tumour response and reduced toxicity.

Agrocybe cylindracea fucoglucogalactan induced lysosome-mediated apoptosis of colorectal cancer cell through H3K27ac-regulated cathepsin D.

Inducing lysosomal dysfunction is emerging as a promising means for cancer therapy. Agrocybe cylindracea fucoglucogalactan (ACP) is a bioactive ingredient with anti-tumor activity, while its mechanism remains obscure. Herein, we found that ACP visibly inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and the IC50 value on HCT-116 cells (HT29 cells) was 490 µg/mL (786.4 µg/mL) at 24 h. RNA-seq showed that ACP regulated mitochondria, lysosome and apoptosis-related pathways. Further experiments proved that ACP indeed promoted apoptosis and lysosomal dysfunction of HCT-116 cells. Moreover, ChIP-seq revealed that ACP increased histone-H3-lysine-27 acetylation (H3K27ac) on CTSD (cathepsin D) promoter in HCT-116 cells, thus facilitating the binding of transcription factor EB (TFEB), and resulted in ascension of CTSD expression. Additionally, ACP triggered mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing pro-apoptotic protein levels. Notably, Pepstatin A (CTSD inhibitor) availably alleviated ACP-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicated that ACP induced lysosome-mitochondria mediated apoptosis via H3K27ac-regulated CTSD in HCT-116 cells. This study indicates that ACP has anti-cancer potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Efficient Removal of Nitrate in Neutral Solution Using Zero-Valent Al Activated by Soaking.

Nitrate is a contaminant widely found in surface water, and a high concentration of nitrate can pose a serious threat to human health. Zero-valent iron is widely used to reduce nitrate in aqueous solution, but an acidic condition is required. Zero-valent aluminum has a much lower redox potential (E0(Al3+/Al0) = -1.662 V) than zero-valent iron (E0(Fe2+/Fe0) = -0.44 V), making it a better choice for reduction of nitrate. However, a passive oxide film covering on Al surfaces inhibits its electron transfer. In this work, metal Al powder was activated by a soaking procedure in deionized water. It was found that nitrate in neutral solution can be efficiently and completely reduced by soaked Al, even if the concentration of nitrate-N was up to 100 mg L-1. Using an optimal soaking time, the soaked Al can remove >90% of nitrate in aqueous solution within ∼2 h at 50 °C. Furthermore, the nitrate reduction efficiency increased with increasing reaction temperature and dosage of Al powder. After reaction, only ∼50% of pristine N content was left in the form of ammonia ions (NH4+) in aqueous solution. Mechanism analyses showed that after soaking, Al particle surfaces were covered by a layer of loose and fine Al(OH)3 grains, which can shorten the induction time for the beginning of the reaction between inner Al and outside ions or molecules. This is the reason why soaked Al has a high efficiency for nitrate removal. The present results indicate that soaking is an effective way to activate Al to remove nitrate in water.

Biomimetic Polarized Light Navigation Sensor: A Review.

A polarized light sensor is applied to the front-end detection of a biomimetic polarized light navigation system, which is an important part of analyzing the atmospheric polarization mode and realizing biomimetic polarized light navigation, having received extensive attention in recent years. In this paper, biomimetic polarized light navigation in nature, the mechanism of polarized light navigation, point source sensor, imaging sensor, and a sensor based on micro nano machining technology are compared and analyzed, which provides a basis for the optimal selection of different polarized light sensors. The comparison results show that the point source sensor can be divided into basic point source sensor with simple structure and a point source sensor applied to integrated navigation. The imaging sensor can be divided into a simple time-sharing imaging sensor, a real-time amplitude splitting sensor that can detect images of multi-directional polarization angles, a real-time aperture splitting sensor that uses a light field camera, and a real-time focal plane light splitting sensor with high integration. In recent years, with the development of micro and nano machining technology, polarized light sensors are developing towards miniaturization and integration. In view of this, this paper also summarizes the latest progress of polarized light sensors based on micro and nano machining technology. Finally, this paper summarizes the possible future prospects and current challenges of polarized light sensor design, providing a reference for the feasibility selection of different polarized light sensors.

Study of the disintegration of loess modified with fly ash and Roadyes.

The disintegration property of loess is the wetting and subsequent disintegration of loess in water, which is generally an important index for resistance to erosion and disintegration of wet loess slopes and foundations. In this study, a disintegration instrument is developed in this laboratory and used to study the disintegration properties of fly ash-modified loess in foundations and Roadyes-modified loess in subgrades. Disintegration tests are used to compare samples of loess modified with different amounts of fly ash and Roadyes, different water contents and different dry densities; the influence of fly ash and Roadyes content on the disintegration of modified loess is analyzed. The differences in disintegration properties between the pure loess and modified loess are compared to explore the evolution of disintegration properties of modified loess and the optimal incorporation levels of fly ash and Roadyes. The experimental results show that the incorporation of fly ash reduces the disintegration of loess, while the incorporation of Roadyes likewise decreases the disintegration of loess. The disintegration of the loess modified with the two curing agents is better than that of the pure loess and loess mixed with a single curing agent; the optimal incorporation levels are 15% fly ash and 0.5‰ Roadyes. Comparing the evolution of the disintegration curves of samples of loess with different modifications shows is a linear relationship between time and amount of disintegration for pure loess and Roadyes-modified loess. Thus, a linear disintegration model is established in which the parameter P is the disintegration rate. According to the exponential relationship between time and amount of disintegration of fly ash-modified loess and loess modified with both fly ash and Roadyes, an exponential disintegration model is established in which the water stability parameter Q affects the strong and weak disintegration of the modified loess. The relationship between the water stability of the loess (modified with added fly ash and Roadyes) in water and the initial water content and dry density is analyzed. The water stability of the loess first increases and then decreases with increasing initial water content and gradually increases with increasing dry density. When the sample density is the maximum dry density, the sample has the best water stability. These research results provide a basis for the application of loess modified with added fly ash and Roadyes.

Facile Synthesis of Cyclic Polyamidine with High Cationic Degree Using Environmentally Benign Approach.

An environmentally benign approach was developed to fabricate cyclic polyamidine via polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) and subsequently amidinization in water. Synthetic parameters were evaluated using response surface methodology. In comparison with aqueous solution polymerization for the fabrication of PNVF-co-PAN, polymerization using SCCO2 is favorable to promote the yield and viscosity of PNVF-co-PAN and diminished reaction time on account of excellent solvation capacity and transport property of SCCO2. Replacing the traditional water solution with SCCO2 as a green solvent could heighten the purity of PNVF-co-PAN by virtue of the excellent extraction of SCCO2. The cationic degree (5.66 mmol/g) of polyamidine fabricated by environmentally benign approach was significantly higher than that in previous reported studies.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of a Novel Vancomycin Derivative LYSC98 in a Murine Thigh Infection Model Against Staphylococcus aureus.

Introduction: LYSC98 is a novel vancomycin derivative used for gram-positive bacterial infections. Here we compared the antibacterial activity of LYSC98 with vancomycin and linezolid in vitro and in vivo. Besides, we also reported the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index and efficacy-target values of LYSC98. Methods: The MIC values of LYSC98 were identified through broth microdilution method. A mice sepsis model was established to investigate the protective effect of LYSC98 in vivo. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of LYSC98 was studied in thigh-infected mice and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used to determine LYSC98 concentration in plasma. Dose fractionation studies were performed to evaluate different PK/PD indices. Two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical strains were used in the dose ranging studies to determine the efficacy-target values. Results: LYSC98 showed a universal antibacterial effect in Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC range of 2-4 µg/mL. In vivo, LYSC98 demonstrated distinctive mortality protection in mice sepsis model with an ED50 value of 0.41-1.86 mg/kg. The pharmacokinetics results displayed maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) 11,466.67-48,866.67 ng/mL, area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) 14,788.42-91,885.93 ng/mL·h, and elimination half-life (T1/2) 1.70-2.64 h, respectively. Cmax/MIC (R 2 0.8941) was proved to be the most suitable PK/PD index for LYSC98 to predict its antibacterial efficacy. The magnitude of LYSC98 Cmax/MIC associated with net stasis, 1, 2, 3 and 4 - log 10 kill were 5.78, 8.17, 11.14, 15.85 and 30.58, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that LYSC98 is more effective than vancomycin either in killing vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) in vitro or treating S. aureus infections in vivo, making it a novel and promising antibiotic. The PK/PD analysis will also contribute to the LYSC98 Phase I dose design.

Psychological resilience buffers the association between cell phone addiction and sleep quality among college students in Jiangsu Province, China.

Background and aims: Excessive use of cell phones can take up college students' time and energy, and the sleep quality will inevitably be affected. A high level of psychological resilience can help them to maintain a positive attitude and cope with stressful events. However, few studies were conducted to investigate the effects of psychological resilience buffering cell phone addiction on sleep quality. In our hypothesis, psychological toughness would mitigate the worsening impact of cell phone addiction on sleep quality. Methods: The sample consisted of 7,234 Chinese college students who completed an electronic questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, such as the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), the Psychological Resilience Index (CD-RISC), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis, the measurement data were described by x ¯ ± s for those conforming to normal distribution, and the comparison of means between groups was analyzed by group t-test or one-way ANOVA. Those that was not conforming to normal distribution were described by median M (P 25, P 75), and the comparison of M between groups was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Using Spearman correlation analysis, the associations between mobile phone addiction, psychological resilience, and sleep quality were evaluated. Using SPSS Process, the mediating role of psychological resilience was examined. Results: The mean scores of cell phone addiction and psychological resilience were 45.00 (SD = 13.59) and 60.58 (SD = 18.30), respectively; the sleep quality score M (P 25, P 75) was 5.0 (3.0, 7.0). Cell phone addiction among college students had a direct predictive effect on sleep quality (ß = 0.260, P < 0.01), and psychological resilience had a negative correlation with both cell phone addiction and sleep quality (ß = -0.073, P < 0.01, and ß = -0.210, P < 0.01). Psychological resilience was responsible for a mediating effect value of 5.556% between cell phone addiction and sleep quality. Conclusion: Cell phone addiction has an impact on sleep quality both directly and indirectly through the mediating effect of psychological resilience. Increased psychological resilience has the potential effect to buffer the exacerbating of cell phone addiction on sleep quality. These findings provide an evidence for cell phone addiction prevention, psychological management, and sleep improvement in China.